Castles stand as memories of the glorious past and they remind us of great historic events, of legends and romantic stories. From the emerald valleys of Scotland to the picturesque landscape of Germany, the world is replete with beautiful castles that showcase unique architectures and centuries of history. These beautiful edifices are more than just stone and mortar. They are living testaments of different eras, each encapsulating a distinct historical period. In every cranny, secret passage, and towering spire, the echoes of ancient lives and events reverberate, painting vivid pictures of yesteryears.
Europe, in particular, is a continent that could easily be deemed the castle capital of the world. But have you ever pondered why most castles are in Europe? This is primarily due to Europe’s turbulent history marked by a plethora of power struggles and conflicts. Additionally, the feudal system which once thrived here made castles an essential aspect of defensive strategy. Over time, these fortresses transformed, showcasing not only might but also wealth and sophistication.
Each castle tells its own unique tale. Their stunning architectures hold countless stories of monarchs, wars, grandeur, and time’s relentless passage. The immense cultural and historical significance, coupled with undeniable aesthetic appeal, make these castles a captivating spectacle for people across the globe.
It’s hard to make a selection, but we chose 10 of the most beautiful castles in the world. Check out our list:
10 – Mont Saint Michel, France
With its gothic spires, stout defensive walls, and delicate flying buttresses, this historic castle is a spectacle to behold. This enigmatic islet is famous for its abbey, where monks have been performing their religious duties since the 8th century.
09 – Neuschwanstein Castle, Germany
This nineteenth-century Romanesque Revival palace was built on a rugged hill above the village of Hohenschwangau, located in southwest Bavaria. The palace is an homage to Richard Wagner from Ludwig II of Bavaria. More than 1.3 million people visit the monument each year. The palace has appeared in several famous movies and was the inspiration for Disneyland‘s Sleeping Beauty Castle.
Erected by King Ludwig II in the late 19th century, this romantic-era castle was intended to serve as a private retreat. Yet, its dramatic turrets and towers, mural-filled rooms, and the stunning Alpine backdrop have made it one of the most visited castles worldwide.
08 – Hohensalzburg Castle, Austria
Perched on the Festungsberg hill, the Hohensalzburg Castle towers over the city of Salzburg with an unmissable presence. Built in 1077 by Archbishop Gebhard, this castle was continually expanded over the centuries. Today, it stands as one of the most well-preserved and largest medieval castles in Europe. From its white stone walls to its intricate golden hall, every element of Hohensalzburg echoes the rich history of Austria. It provides a panoramic view of the city and its surrounding Alpine landscape, making it a favorite spot among tourists and history enthusiasts alike.
07 – Conwy Castle, Wales
UNESCO stated that Conwy is one of “the finest examples of late 13th century and early 14th century military architecture in Europe”. And it is classed as a World Heritage site. The medieval fortification was built by Edward I, during his conquest of Wales. The castle played an important role in several wars and it acted as a temporary haven for Richard II in 1399.
With its eight massive towers, imposing battlements, and commanding position on a rock above the Conwy estuary, it reflects both military might and royal power. Despite suffering from centuries of neglect and decay, this World Heritage Site has retained its imposing stature and continues to be a symbol of English dominance in Wales.
06 – Prague Castle, Czech Republic
According to the Guinness Book of Records, Prague Castle is the largest ancient castle in the world. It dates from the 9th century and it is currently the official residence of the President of the Czech Republic. The castle was a seat of power for kings of Bohemia, Holy Roman emperors, and presidents of Czechoslovakia. The Bohemian Crown Jewels are kept within a hidden room inside it.
This monumental structure houses palaces, churches, gardens, and picturesque spots. Founded in the 9th century, it has been the seat of Czech monarchs and currently serves as the official residence of the President. Its standout feature, St. Vitus Cathedral, offers an awe-inspiring view with its stunning gothic architecture and beautiful stained glass. The castle’s rich history and diverse architectural styles make it a must-visit destination in the heart of Prague.
05 – Bran Castle, Romania
Bran Castle, situated near Brașov, Romania, is a national landmark, surrounded by the famous legend of Dracula. It is in fact the home of the titular character in Bram Stoker’s novel, Dracula. The castle is currently a popular museum open to tourists, displaying art and furniture collected by Queen Marie. Tourists can see the interior individually or by a guided tour.
Perched on the edge of the Carpathian Mountains, this 14th-century castle is a mesmerizing mix of towers, turrets, and a picturesque courtyard. Not just a haunting edifice, Bran Castle houses a museum that showcases Queen Marie of Romania’s furniture and art collection, adding a touch of royal glamour to its gothic atmosphere.
04 – Osaka Castle, Japan
The castle is one of Japan’s most famous landmarks. Toyotomi Hideyoshi wanted the castle to become the center of a unified Japan under Toyotomi rule. However, a few years after Hideyoshi’s death, Tokugawa troops attacked the castle and destroyed the Toyotomi lineage in 1615. Osaka Castle was rebuilt by Tokugawa Hidetada in the 1620s, but its main tower was struck by lightening in 1665 and burnt. It was refurbished years later, in 1931.
Surrounded by imposing stone walls and moats, it stands majestically with its white facade and elegant gold leaf detailing. Inside, the castle functions as a museum, telling the tale of the city’s history and the castle’s creator, Toyotomi Hideyoshi. Cherry blossoms adorning the castle grounds during springtime offer a breathtaking spectacle, enhancing the beauty of this architectural marvel.
03 – Peleș Castle, Romania
Peleș Castle is a Neo-Renaissance castle situated in the Carpathian Mountains, near Sinaia, Romania, on an existing medieval route linking Transylvania and Wallachia, built between 1873 and 1914. It was built by Charles I and it was inaugurated in 1833. Nowadays, it is one of the most visited monuments in Romania.
Commissioned by King Carol I in the 19th century, this architectural masterpiece boasts intricately detailed woodwork, exquisite murals, and grand rooms that each represent different European architectural styles. Set against the stunning backdrop of the Carpathian Mountains, the castle serves as a royal summer retreat, encompassing a blend of comfort, beauty, and refinement.
02 – Versaille Castle, France
Château of Versailles is situated in a wealthy suburb of Paris, some 20 kilometers southwest of the capital. The court of Versailles was the center of political power in France from 1682, when king Louis XIV moved from Paris, until the royal family was forced to return to the capital in October 1789 after the beginning of the French Revolution. Versailles is not famous only for its beauty. But also for its historic meaning, being the symbol of the absolute monarchy of the Ancien Régime.
Once a hunting lodge, Louis XIV transformed it into an immense and extravagant complex surrounded by stylized French gardens. The Hall of Mirrors, the palace’s most celebrated room, is a baroque masterpiece with its gleaming chandeliers, gilded statues, and 17 mirror-clad arches reflecting the garden’s grandeur. No visit to France is complete without witnessing the extravagant splendor of this UNESCO World Heritage site.
01 – Chateau de Chillon, Switzerland
Château de Chillon (Chillon Castle) is an island castle located on Lake Geneva, in the canton of Vaud. It is situated at the eastern end of the lake, on the narrow shore between Montreux and Villeneuve, which gives access to the Alpine valley of the Rhone. Therefore, the landscape surrounding the castle is truly beautiful. Chillon is one of the most visited castles in Switzerland and Europe.
This well-preserved water fortress boasts a history spanning over a thousand years. Consisting of 25 independent buildings gradually connected over time, it’s a labyrinth of courtyards, towers, and rooms filled with medieval art. The castle’s unique location offers stunning panoramic views of the lake and surrounding mountains, earning it a spot among the most beautiful castles around the world.
Each castle carries the legacy of the past, reminding us of our propensity to build, create, and endure. They not only enhance the natural beauty of their surroundings but also serve as poignant reminders of our shared human heritage. To conclude, castles are much more than just architectural marvels. They are a treasure trove of history, brimming with stories and secrets that continue to fascinate, inspire and educate us.